Hundred thousand : Hundred thousand refers to the number $100,000=10^5.$

Multiplication : Multiplication is the mathematical operation that is a shorthand for adding the same amount several times. For example $3\cdot 4=4+4+4=12.$

Standard algorithm : By standard algorithm we refer to any one of the algorithms that are commonly taught at school to add, subtract, multiply or divide multi-digit numbers such as long division and partial products multiplication.

Cup : A unit to measure volume. A cup is defined as half a pint. A cup is about 0.24 liters.

Half : A Half is the number equal to $\frac{1}{2}=0.5.$

Pint : A pint is a unit for measuring volume. 2 pints are a quart, and 2 cups are a pint.

Degree : For angles one degree is defined as the angle represented by a $\frac{1}{360}$ of the angle represented by a full circle. For measuring temperatures one can use either degrees Celsius or degrees Fahrenheit. In a polynomial the degree describes the highest exponent of $x$ that has a non-zero coefficient. For example the degree of $1+x+x^2$ is 2.

Degrees Celsius : The Celsius scale for measuring temperature is specified by saying that $0^{\circ}$ C is the temperature at which water freezes and $100^{\circ}$ C is the temperature at which water boils. To convert degrees Fahrenheit into degrees Celsius one can use the formula $C=\frac{5}{9}\cdot(F-32).$

Degrees Fahrenheit : The Fahrenheit scale for measuring temperature is specified by saying that $32^{\circ}$ F is the temperature at which water freezes and $212^{\circ}$ F is the temperature at which water boils. To convert degrees Fahrenheit into degrees Celsius one can use the formula $C=\frac{5}{9}\cdot(F-32).$

Equation : An equation is a mathematical statement in which two expressions are written with an equal sign in between. A solution of an equation is a set of variables that makes the statement a true statement.