Addition : Addition is the mathematical operation that describes increasing a number by an amount equal to a second number. The mathematical symbol for addition is the plus sign $+.$ The term addition is also used for a generalization of this basic operation on numbers to functions, vectors and matrices.

Ones digit : The first digit left of the decimal point (or the digit furthest to the right if there is no decimal point). It counts multiples of 1.

Ten : Ten refers to the number $10.$

Number : A number $x$ is a mathematical symbol representing a quantity.

Square : A square is a quadrilateral with four right angles and four equal length sides. A square is a special case of a rectangle and a special case of a rhombus.

Square root : The square root of $x$ denoted by $\sqrt{x}$ is the positive number such that $(\sqrt{x})^2=\sqrt{x}\cdot \sqrt{x}=x.$ For example $\sqrt{9}=3.$

Cube root : The cube root of $x$, normally written as $\sqrt[3]{x}$ or as $x^{\frac{1}{3}}$ is the number whose third power equals $x$. In other words it is defined as the solution of the equation $(\sqrt[3]{x})^3=x.$

Fractional exponent : The definition of a power with a fractional exponent is $x^\frac{a}{b}:=\sqrt[b]{{x}^a}.$ For example $8^{\frac{2}{3}}=\sqrt[3]{{8}^2}=4.$

Number : A number $x$ is a mathematical symbol representing a quantity.

Power : A power is a number of the form $a^b.$ $b$ is called the exponent of the power and $a^b$ is called a power of $a$. For natural numbers $b$ the number $a^b$ is an abbreviation for successively multiplying $a$ by itself $b$ times. For example $2^3=2\cdot 2\cdot 2=8.$ For fractional exponents $b=\frac{p}{q}$ the number $a^{\frac{p}{q}}$ is defined as $\sqrt[q]{a^p}.$ For arbitrary real exponents $b$ the power $a^b$ is defined as the limit of $a^{b_n}$ with rational $b_n$ that converge towards $b.$