Cent : A cent is $\frac{1}{100}$ of a dollar.

Partial products method : A method for calculating a product of two multi-digit numbers by writing both numbers as a sum of ones, tens, hundreds and so on, then multiplying each pair of terms and finally summing up all the terms. For example $12\cdot 34=(10+2)\cdot(30+4)$ $=10\cdot 30+10\cdot 4+2\cdot 30+2\cdot 4$ $=300+40+60+8=408.$

Addition : Addition is the mathematical operation that describes increasing a number by an amount equal to a second number. The mathematical symbol for addition is the plus sign $+.$ The term addition is also used for a generalization of this basic operation on numbers to functions, vectors and matrices.

Counterexample : A counterexample to a statement of the form 'all objects of type x have property y' is an object of type x that does not have property y. A counterexample to a statement shows that the statement is not true in general. For example the number 3 is a counterexample to the statement that all numbers are even.

Integer : An integer is any ot the numbers $\ldots, -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, \ldots.$

Multiplication : Multiplication is the mathematical operation that is a shorthand for adding the same amount several times. For example $3\cdot 4=4+4+4=12.$

Non-zero : Not equal to the number 0.

Subtraction : Subtraction is the mathematical operation that describes decreasing a number by an amount equal to a second number. The mathematical symbol for subtraction is the minus sign $-.$ The term subtraction is also used for a generalization of this basic operation on numbers to functions, vectors and matrices.